1. Recognize the structure of glycogen and its role in metabolism

2. Know the difference between phosphorolytic cleavage and hydrolytic cleavage and know the reaction mechanism for glycogen phosphorylase

3. Outline the steps in glycogenolysis and glycogenesis.

4. Understand the actions of the debranching enzyme.

5. Relate the role of glucose 6-phosphatase in the release of glucose by the liver.

6. Explain the glycogen phosphorylase mechanism. Include intermediate states.

7. Explain the roles of UDP-glucose and inorganic pyrophosphatase in the synthesis of glycogen.

8. Explain the difference between phosphorylase a and phosphorylase b.

9. Know the differences between the muscle and liver phosphorylase isozymes.

10. Describe the major compositional features of phosphorylase kinase and its activation by protein kinase A.

11. Relate the importance of calmodulin to glycogen metabolism.

12. Understand the effects of epinephrine and glucagon on glycogen metabolism.

13. Explain the roles of protein phosphatases and kinases in the regulation of glycogenolysis and glycogenesis.

14. Know the role of Insulin on glycogen synthase regulation.

15. Give examples of glycogen storage diseases and their effects.

16. Understand the means that glycolysis and gluconeogenesis are regulated.