ANTH 110/Spring 2014
Exam 3 Review sheet
Dr. Roberts

Exam 3 will be given on Wednesday April 30th. It will cover material from Chapters 4, 7, 10, & 11 in Gezon & Kottak's text, my lectures, and any videos shown in class. Just as with the first two exams the format for the exam will be multiple choice, true-false, and matching.

Politics

• Gezon & Kottak chapter 7.
• Consider how anthropologists have traditionally differed from political scientists in their approach to "the political."
• Know the four basic types of political systems identified by Elman Service (1962) and the social features correlated with each type. How is this sociopolitical typology limiting, and in what ways is it analytically useful?
• Be familiar with the defining features of foraging bands, particularly with how conflicts have traditionally been resolved and with the critical roles of the nuclear family and the band.
• Know the stereotypes of modern foragers and why they are inaccurate.
• Understand the defining features of tribes.
  • In particular, be able to distinguish between the different kinds of tribal leaders such as village heads and big men.
  • How do these leaders acquire, maintain, and assert their political authority, and how do they differ from political figures in chiefdoms and states?
• Know what pantribal sodalities are, particularly as represented in the form of age grades, and secret societies. Be aware of how membership in each is organized and how these groups can form and bolster social alliances and create divisions within and across societies.
• Be able to identify the defining features of chiefdoms. In particular, be familiar with how authority and status are organized and maintained in chiefdoms and how they vary from states.
• Understand the dynamics that lead to the emergence of stratification and its consequences in society. Be familiar with the differences between what the textbook refers to as open and closed class systems.
• Be able to discuss the defining features of states. How do the primary specialized units of states interact? In particular, know the role that population control, judiciary, enforcement, and fiscal subsystems play in the maintenance of the state.
• Video: Kawelka: Ongka's Big Moka.
• Video: Politics, Power & Violence

• Gezon & Kottak Chapter 10.
• Be familar with Anthony Wallace's definition of religion and the functions religion in human societies.
• Know and be able to distinguish between the four types of religion identified by Wallace.
  • Be familiar with the defining features and sociocultural correlates of each type, as well as the kind of societies in which each typically occurs.
• Be aware of Edward B. Tylor's definition of animism and his proposed stages of religious evolution. Is this view still considered valid?
• Be familiar with expressions of religion such as:
  •  Mana and related practices of taboo in Polynesian societies.
  • Magic and its two primary types
  • Totemism and the functions it performs.
• Know what rituals are and their defining features.
  • Specifically, know what a rite of passage is and what its constitutive stages are as well as its significance in shaping social roles and relations.
• Know how and why religion can be used as a means of social control. In particular, you should know how religion can act as a leveling mechanism in many societies.
• Understand how religion can be an instrument of change. In particular, you should be familiar with revitalization movements and cargo cults.
• Video: Religion & Spirituality

The World System and Colonialism

• Understand the relationship of academic and applied anthropology, the kinds of work in which applied anthropologists from all four subfields may engage, and the aspects of anthropology that make it uniquely valuable in application to social problems.
• Consider the historical approaches to applying anthropological knowledge that Gezon and Kottak describe and the ethical issues raised through these approaches. Know the three different roles or actions Gezon and Kottak identify for applied anthropologists today.
• Identify how anthropological research has contributed to the field of education and to particular school environments.
• Know what academic and applied urban anthropologists study and the contemporary world context of urban growth in which they conduct their research. Consider the ways anthropologists have investigated social relations in urban and rural settings.
• Know the subject matter and scope of medical anthropology. Identify the three different kinds of disease theories and consider how they differ. Think about how academic and applied medical anthropologists study the relationship of biomedicine and other health-care systems around the world, as well as the work of health care specialists.
• Know the key features of anthropology applied in the field of business and the types of research in which anthropologists are likely to engage.
• Consider how people utilize anthropology degrees in different occupations.
• Video: Lines in the Dust (a documentary about adult illiteracy and a unique approach to tackle this huge problem; filmed in Ghana and India)